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Introduction: although β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is generally marketed as a supplement for increasing muscle mass and strength, it is still not fully understood how and in which particular sports and conditions HMB can be more effective. Aims: the primary purpose of this review is to update and summarize the current knowledge about the usefulness of HMB and to organize this information by different sports with specific reference to sports with high wear and tear phenomena as soccer, rugby or football. Methods: a search was performed in PubMed database. This review presents the results about HMB use in sport. Results: the articles identified in this review support the notion that HMB could help to attenuate tissue catabolism and initiate muscle anabolism particularly in untrained individuals exposed to strenuous exercise or when trained individual are exposed to periods of high physical stress. HMB could therefore be applied in some specific periods of athlete’s season where there are high-intensity training periods, high density of competitions and little recovery time between them, starting recovery phases from an injury period and/or any other different situation where performance or recovery could be affected by a great catabolic environment. Conclusion: this update contributes to clarify and define possible mechanisms and/or effectiveness of HMB supplementation related to endurance sports (i.e. cycling and athletics), strength-power sports (i.e. resistance training, football, rugby, soccer, judo, waterpolo and rowing) and recreational activities.
Palabras Clave: HMB. Recovery. DOMS. Signalling-molecule. mTOR.
Juan Carlos Sánchez-García , Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque , Antonio Manuel Sánchez López , Laura Baena García , Sara Suárez Manzano , María José Aguilar-cordero
Blanca G. Beltrán Piña , Martha I. González Castro , Marta Irene Gonzalez Castro
Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti , Heitor Bernardes P. Delfino , Marcela Pinhel , Natalia Y. Noronha , Vitor Caressato Pinhanelli , Driele Cristina Gomes Quinhoneiro , Bruno Affonso Parenti de Oliveira , Julio Sergio Marchini , Carla Barbosa Nonino
Ángel Gil
Ana Cantón Blanco
Julia Álvarez Hernández
Ignacio Escribano Ott , Javier Ibáñez Santos
María Robles Rebollo , María Inmaculada López Aliaga , Javier Díaz Castro , Jorge Moreno-Fernández , María José Muñoz Alférez
Casilda Olveira , Eva García-Escobar , Esperanza Doña , Francisco J. Palenque , Nuria Porras , Antonio Dorado , Ana María Godoy , Elezahara Rubio-Martín , Francisco-Javier Bermúdez-Silva , Silvana Y. Romero-Zerbo , Gemma Rojo Martínez , Rocío Martín-Valero , José Abuín Fernández , Gabriel Olveira
Isaac López Laval , Diego Marques-Jiménez , Álvaro Velarde-Sotres , Sebastian Sitko , Julio Calleja Gonzalez , Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
Nicole Commentz Abarza , Raúl Jara Latorre , Matías Letelier Vuskovic , Lucas Lacalle Quiero , Verónica Irribarra Pastenes , Melina Vogel Martínez , Paola Negrón Granzotto , Daniela Costa Reyes , Camila Contreras Alonso , Gabriela Espinoza Nehgme , Olga Uauy Zirinsky , Maria Fernanda Jara Cordero , Pascuala Urrejola Noguera
Edith Tello-Palma , Martiza Choque-Quispe , Myrian Pacheco-Tanaka , Walter Zamalloa-Cuba , Marleni Valencia-Pacho , Teófilo Donaires-Flores , Elva Macedo-Enriquez , Adelaida Viza-Salas , Amalia Quispe-Romero , Wilbert Paredes-Ugarte , Marco Cossio-Bolaños , Rossana Gómez-Campos
Ethel Lira Marcial , Iván Antonio García-Montalvo , María de los Ángeles Contreras Oliveros , Michelle Macías Moreno
Daniel de Luis Román , Fernando Garrachón Vallo , Juana Carretero Gómez , Juan José López Gómez , Francisco José Tarazona Santabalbina , Germán Guzmán Rolo , José M. García Almeida , Alejandro Sanz Paris
Héctor Fuentes-Barría , Raúl Aguilera-Eguía , Lissé Chiquinquirá Angarita-Dávila , Olga Patricia López-Soto
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